MUNICIPALITIES

We all live in a municipality.
A municipality consists of one or more cities, towns or villages governed by a local council.
Some municipalities are very big.
Others are very small.

REMEMBER

CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES
People live in different places; either in a city town or village.

DESCRIBING WHERE YOU LIVE
People live on the coast or inland, in the mountains or on the plains, in the north, south, east or west of a country.
It is important to know how to describe where you live in relation to other towns, cities and villages.

LIGHT ACTIVITIES

THE COLOUR OF OBJECTS

When light rays reach an object, this object absorbs some of the light and reflects some of it.
The reflected light enters our eyes.
An object always reflects its own colour.
White objects reflect all light.
This means they do not absorb any light.
Black objects absorb all light.
This means they do not reflect any light.

Colours. Picture from Stevopia

PRIMARY COLOURS OF LIGHT

The primary colours of light are red, green and blue.
When we mix the primary colours of light, we create new colours.
When we combine the three primary colours of light, we create white light.

The primary colours of light. Photo from Paul Nulty

DISPERSION OF LIGHT

Sir Isaac Newton discovered that white light (sunlight) is made up of many colours.
When the Sun shines and it rains at the same time, we see a rainbow.
This is because the raindrops act like tiny prisms: they separate the white light into the seven colours of the rainbow.
We say that prisms disperse white light into all colours.

Dispersion of light. Photo from universetoday.com

REFRACTION OF LIGHT

Light bends and changes direction when it passes from one transparent medium to another.
This is called refraction.
Water, clear glass, lenses and air refract light.
Lenses are transparent objects made of glass.
Lenses refract light.
They can be convex or concave.

Picture from BBC.com